Mir · Advances in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry 2025 · narrative review · n=?

Carbohydrates and cancer: A metabolic and epidemiological overview.

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Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review synthesizing mechanistic and epidemiological literature without systematic review methodology.

PubMed 41266024 · doi:10.1016/bs.accb.2025.10.003 · record verified 2026-08-28

What was done

This review synthesized experimental and epidemiological literature examining the links between dietary carbohydrates (simple sugars to complex fibers), glucose metabolism, insulin/IGF-1 signaling, and cancer biology. The scope included mechanistic pathways (Warburg effect, microenvironment acidity) and cancer prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) across colorectal, breast, prostate, and head and neck malignancies.

What was found

The abstract reports no numerical findings, effect sizes, or quantitative risk estimates. It qualitatively describes links between hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and inflammatory cytokines with increased tumor survival, proliferation, and metastasis, concluding that reducing carbohydrate intake and increasing dietary fiber are promising adjuncts in cancer prevention and survivorship.

Why it matters

It provides a consolidated metabolic and epidemiological overview supporting dietary modulation—specifically carbohydrate control and increased fiber—as adjunctive strategies in oncologic prevention and survivorship.

Limits

As a narrative review, it lacks a systematic literature search, formal risk-of-bias assessment, and quantitative synthesis. The abstract provides no primary data, effect sizes, or confidence intervals, and explicitly notes existing literature discrepancies and evidence gaps.

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