Skeletal Muscle as an Auto-, Para- and Endocrine Organ: The Role of Myokines in Muscle Metabolism and Other Metabolic Organs.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review describing biological mechanisms without new empirical human data or systematic methodology.
PubMed 41511097 · doi:10.33549/physiolres.935751
What was done
This narrative review summarizes the role of skeletal muscle as an endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine organ, focusing on the secretory actions of myokines on muscle metabolism and distant organ systems.
What was found
The abstract provides no empirical data or quantitative findings. It describes that skeletal muscle secretes myokines that exert local metabolic effects and regulate distant organs including the pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, heart, bone, gastrointestinal tract, and brain.
Why it matters
Clarifying the endocrine and paracrine functions of myokines helps explain how muscle activity coordinates whole-body metabolic homeostasis and highlights potential biomarkers for muscle-wasting disorders, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Limits
The paper is a non-systematic narrative review providing qualitative conceptual descriptions without empirical human data, quantitative synthesis, sample sizes, or defined search methodology.
Cited by
- supports Skeletal muscles act as endocrine organs, secreting chemical messengers that travel systemically and target the brain.