Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review without systematic methodology or primary empirical data.
PubMed 42453713 · doi:10.3934/Neuroscience.2026009
What was done
This narrative review synthesized literature on Alzheimer's disease (AD), covering terminology, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical phenotypes, natural history, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods (neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers), and established and emerging therapies.
What was found
The abstract reports that Alzheimer's disease accounts for approximately 60% to 80% of all dementia cases and develops over decades, with neuropathological changes preceding clinical symptoms. Pathophysiology involves amyloid-β accumulation, protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and vascular abnormalities. No other specific quantitative findings or comparative outcome data were reported.
Why it matters
It provides an introductory reference summarizing the multifactorial nature of Alzheimer's disease and the integration of modern fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers into clinical diagnosis and therapeutic development.
Limits
The paper is a narrative overview without systematic search strategies, risk-of-bias assessments, or quantitative meta-analyses. No primary human or clinical trial data are presented in the abstract.
Cited by
- supports Alzheimer's disease accounts for approximately 60% to 80% of all dementia cases.
- supports Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia.