Slayden · Seminars in reproductive endocrinology 1998 · narrative review · n=?

Risks of menopausal androgen supplementation.

Cited 25 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review without systematic methodology or new human data

PubMed 9711680 · doi:10.1055/s-2007-1016265 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

This was a narrative review examining the side-effect profile and safety of menopausal androgen replacement therapy (MART) in women undergoing natural or surgical menopause. The paper evaluated the impact of drug formulation, dose, alkylation, and route of administration on hepatic safety, cutaneous and virilizing outcomes, endometrial hyperplasia, and theoretical breast cancer risk.

What was found

Observational studies cited in the abstract showed acne in up to 38% and hirsutism in up to 36% of oral methyltestosterone-treated patients, whereas prospective studies suggested a much lower incidence of approximately 5%. Other reported virilizing effects included voice deepening and clitoromegaly. Significant hepatic events were not observed at standard female doses despite the theoretical risk from alkylated compounds. Concomitant progestins protected against endometrial hyperplasia, and increased breast cancer risk was not demonstrated in clinical practice.

Why it matters

This paper summarizes clinical safety considerations for postmenopausal androgen therapy, emphasizing that virilizing and cutaneous changes are the main clinical risks when supraphysiologic levels are avoided.

Limits

The review is narrative rather than systematic, with no search strategy, study selection criteria, or sample size (n) reported. Discrepancies between observational and prospective rates of adverse events (e.g., 36–38% vs. ~5%) highlight significant risk of bias and heterogeneity across the underlying literature. Furthermore, effects on lipid profiles were explicitly omitted.

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