Arsénio M. Fialho · Cancer Biology & Therapy 2012 · narrative review · n=?

Patent controversies and court cases

Cited 12 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Level 5 by design analogy; narrative legal and policy review with no empirical data.

OpenAlex W1988463593 · doi:10.4161/cbt.21958 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

The authors conducted a narrative review of international patent law principles, exceptions (such as laws of nature and abstract ideas), and contentious legal cases regarding the patentability of human genes, mutations, and high-cost life-saving pharmaceuticals for conditions like cancer and HIV/AIDS.

What was found

The abstract reports no quantitative metrics or empirical data. It summarizes the core legal debates over proprietary protections for cancer therapeutics and human genetic material, highlighting the friction between intellectual property rights and access to healthcare.

Why it matters

It frames the ongoing legal and policy conflicts between biomedical innovation incentives and public health access to essential cancer diagnostics and treatments.

Limits

The paper is a non-systematic narrative commentary offering no primary empirical dataset, quantitative synthesis, or formal evaluation of legal outcomes.

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