Richard K. D. Ephraim · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2015 · diagnostic accuracy study · n=?

Diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium Infection with a Mobile Phone-Mounted Foldscope and a Reversed-Lens CellScope in Ghana

Cited 92 times in the scientific literature.

Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study

Diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional validation study comparing index tests to reference standards without randomization.

OpenAlex W2102567116 · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0741 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

Researchers evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of two portable optical devices—a mobile phone-mounted Foldscope and a reversed-lens CellScope—against conventional light microscopy for detecting Schistosoma haematobium infection in Ghana. They also evaluated urine filtration using locally acquired single-ply paper towels as filter paper compared with centrifugation using conventional light microscopy.

What was found

Compared with conventional light microscopy for diagnosing S. haematobium infection: - The mobile phone-mounted Foldscope had a sensitivity of 55.9% and a specificity of 93.3%. - The reversed-lens CellScope had a sensitivity of 67.6% and a specificity of 100.0%. With conventional light microscopy, urine filtration using single-ply paper towels had a sensitivity of 67.6% and a specificity of 80.0% compared with centrifugation.

Why it matters

Portable, low-cost mobile microscopy platforms and locally sourced filtration materials offer potential point-of-care alternatives in resource-poor regions, though diagnostic sensitivity currently remains suboptimal.

Limits

The abstract does not disclose the sample size, participant demographics, or confidence intervals. Both devices demonstrated low sensitivity (55.9% and 67.6%), leaving substantial proportions of positive cases undetected.

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