Caitlin Hughes · The British Journal of Criminology 2010 · comparative policy case study and qualitative interview study · n=13

What Can We Learn From The Portuguese Decriminalization of Illicit Drugs?

Cited 436 times in the scientific literature.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Level 4 by design analogy (comparative policy case study combining secondary trend analysis with stakeholder interviews).

OpenAlex W2148618983 · doi:10.1093/bjc/azq038 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

The author evaluated the health and criminal justice impacts of Portugal's July 1, 2001 decriminalization of illicit drug use and possession. The analysis synthesized findings from independent evaluations, comparative trend data against neighboring Spain and Italy, and qualitative interviews conducted in 2007 and 2009 with 13 key stakeholders.

What was found

The abstract reports no numerical data, effect sizes, or statistical metrics. Qualitatively, drug decriminalization did not lead to major increases in drug use, and available evidence indicated reductions in problematic drug use, drug-related harms, and criminal justice overcrowding.

Why it matters

This study provides empirical evidence on national-level illicit drug decriminalization, indicating that removing criminal penalties did not trigger substantial surges in drug consumption.

Limits

The abstract provides no quantitative data or statistical testing. The qualitative interview sample is very small (13 stakeholders), and comparative trend analyses across countries are observational and vulnerable to unmeasured confounding.

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