William G. Gale · National Bureau of Economic Research 2020 · Repeated cross-sectional survey cohort study · n=?

The Wealth of Generations, With Special Attention to the Millennials

Cited 26 times in the scientific literature.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Repeated cross-sectional survey and cohort analysis (graded by non-clinical design analogy)

OpenAlex W3023136430 · doi:10.3386/w27123 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

The authors analyzed household wealth trends across birth cohorts over time using data from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), focusing on the Millennial generation and racial disparities up through 2016.

What was found

The abstract does not report specific dollar figures or percentages. It reports that while the Great Recession reduced wealth across all age groups, long-term trends show older cohorts gained wealth while younger cohorts lost wealth. Millennials had lower median wealth in 2016 than any similarly aged cohort between 1989 and 2007. The generation also includes a higher proportion of racial minorities, who historically accumulated less wealth controlling for household characteristics, with the wealth gap between Black and white households widening over time.

Why it matters

This paper provides a key pre-COVID benchmark establishing that higher educational attainment among Millennials has not overcome systemic economic disadvantages and widening racial wealth gaps.

Limits

The abstract reports no numerical effect sizes, sample size, or confidence intervals. The data end in 2016 and therefore do not capture the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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