4 Needs context
AI models can detect certain tumors like breast cancer years before a radiologist can see them.
"The AI models are able to detect certain tumors like breast cancer years before a radiologist is able to to to see that." (said at 0:42:31)
Deep learning models (such as Mirai) have been developed and validated to evaluate screening mammograms read as negative by radiologists to predict the future risk of breast cancer up to 1 to 5 years in advance (achieving concordance indices of approximately 0.75–0.84 across diverse international cohorts). However, these algorithms are assessing imaging-based future risk and parenchymal features rather than directly visualizing or detecting an established, measurable tumor years before clinical diagnosis.
- context: Toward robust mammography-based models for breast cancer risk. (Science translational medicine 2021) · cited 278x in the literature
"We developed Mirai, a mammography-based deep learning model designed to predict risk at multiple timepoints, leverage potentially missing risk factor information, and produce predictions that are consistent across mammography machines... On the MGH test set, 41.5% (34.4 to 48.5) of patients who would develop cancer within 5 years were identified as high risk, compared with 36.1% (29.1 to 42.9) by Hybrid DL ( P = 0.02) and 22.9% (15.9 to 29.6) by the Tyrer-Cuzick model ( P < 0.001)." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - context: Multi-Institutional Validation of a Mammography-Based Breast Cancer Risk Model. (Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2022) · cited 195x in the literature
"We evaluated Uno's concordance index for Mirai in predicting risk of breast cancer at one to five years from the mammogram... Mirai obtained concordance indices of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.78), 0.75 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.80), 0.77 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.79), 0.77 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.81), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.82), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76 to 0.83), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.88) at Massachusetts General Hospital, Novant, Emory, Maccabi-Assuta, Karolinska, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Barretos, respectively." (abstract, results)
pubmedfull study (doi)
COVID-19 vaccination caused myocarditis in young people at a rate of 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 10,000.
"Yes, the vaccinated people, young people, at 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 10,000 rate got myocarditis." (said at 1:10:20)
A rate of 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 10,000 (equivalent to 100 to 200 cases per million) falls within the estimated peak incidence range for the highest-risk subgroup—specifically adolescent and young adult males (aged 12–29) following a second mRNA vaccine dose (especially with mRNA-1273 or shorter interdose intervals). However, attributing this rate to "young people" in general requires qualification, as the incidence is significantly lower in young females (fewer than 20 cases per million, or <1 in 50,000) and across all young vaccinees when combining both sexes and all doses.
- context: Epidemiology of Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following mRNA Vaccination by Vaccine Product… (JAMA network open 2022) · cited 159x in the literature
"When restricted to individuals who received their second dose during the period of enhanced passive surveillance (on or after June 1, 2021), the highest rate of myocarditis or pericarditis was observed in male individuals aged 18 to 24 years following mRNA-1273 as the second dose (299.5 cases per 1 000 000 doses; 95% CI, 171.2-486.4 cases per 1 000 000 doses); the rate following BNT162b2 as the second dose was 59.2 cases per 1 000 000 doses (95% CI, 19.2-138.1 cases per 1 000 000 doses)." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - context: Incidence, risk factors, natural history, and hypothesised mechanisms of myocarditis and p… (BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2022) · cited 146x in the literature
"Incidence of myocarditis after mRNA vaccines was highest in male adolescents and male young adults (age 12-17 years, range 50-139 cases per million (low certainty); 18-29 years, 28-147 per million (moderate certainty)). For girls and boys aged 5-11 years and women aged 18-29 years, incidence of myocarditis after vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) could be fewer than 20 cases per million (low certainty)." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Dolly the sheep, cloned in the late 1990s, was the first cloned sheep.
"The first moment was, uh, the, um, the sheep, uh, that's called Dolly. Uh, you probably know it was the first cloned sheep. Um, it was 1996, '97, or something like that." (said at 1:42:08)
The claim is partially accurate but requires qualification. Dolly the sheep, born in July 1996 (with results published in 1997), was famously the first mammal cloned from an *adult somatic cell* (specifically, a mammary gland cell). However, she was not the first cloned sheep. Cloned sheep had been produced a decade earlier in 1986 by Steen Willadsen using nuclear transfer from embryonic blastomeres. Dolly's scientific breakthrough was demonstrating that an adult differentiated somatic cell nucleus could be reprogrammed to control full embryonic development.
- context: Science and technology of farm animal cloning: state of the art. (Animal reproduction science 2006) · cited 109x in the literature
"Details of the first mammal born after nuclear transfer cloning were published by Steen Malte Willadsen in 1986. In spite of its enormous scientific significance, this discovery failed to trigger much public concern, possibly because the donor cells were derived from pre-implantation stage embryos. The major breakthrough in terms of public recognition has happened when Ian Wilmut et al. [Wilmut, I., Schnieke, A.E., McWhir, J., Kind, A.J., Campbell, K.H., 1997. Viable offspring derived from fetal és adult mammalian cells. Nature 385, 810-813] described the successful application of almost exactly the same method, but using the nuclei of somatic cells from an adult mammal, to create Dolly the sheep." (abstract, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - context: Nuclear transfer in ruminants. (Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 2015) · cited 4x in the literature
"Ruminants were the first mammalian species to be cloned successfully by nuclear transplantation. Those experiments were designed to multiply high merit animals (Willadsen, Nature 320(6057):63-65, 1986; Prather et al., Biol Reprod 37(4):859-866, 1987; Wilmut et al., Nature 385(6619):810-813, 1997)." (abstract, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Epigenetic aging clocks measured in blood largely reflect the proportion of differentiated effector T cells accumulating in old age versus naive T cells.
"Usually they're done through through blood analysis, but in the blood you have, uh, like, you know, I work with T cells, so you have these cells that we call effector cells that have, um, lots of epigenetic change because they differentiated and they continue to accumulate in in old age. And then you have these naive cells that have, you know, more pristine, uh, kind. So it's a combination. So depending on, um, what that combination is is going to affect the output of of the, um So you you you can actually just look at the proportion of your, uh, T cell differentiated T cells, you'll probably get the same same kind of information." (said at 2:02:55)
Blood-based epigenetic clocks are significantly influenced by age-associated shifts in immune cell composition, particularly the decline in naive T cells and accumulation of differentiated effector memory T cells. Purified naive CD8+ T cells score 15 to 20 years younger by epigenetic clocks than effector memory CD8+ T cells from the very same donor. However, claiming that clocks solely or largely reflect cell proportions overstates the case: isolated, homogenous naive T cells still show progressive epigenetic aging as donors age, demonstrating that standard blood epigenetic clocks capture two independent phenomena simultaneously: cell-intrinsic epigenetic aging and changing leukocyte subset composition.
Unverified means no publication matching the claim was located; it does not prove the claim false. Spotted an error? See the corrections policy - disputes from the people quoted are prioritized.