Approximately 6% of the human population is red-green colorblind.
"Traffic lights are maybe a little bit of a less of a win because you got red versus green and 6% of the population is red-green colorblind" (said at 0:42:08)
The claim overstates the global population prevalence of red-green color blindness by conflating male prevalence with overall population prevalence. Because congenital red-green color vision deficiency (CVD) is an X-linked recessive trait, it predominantly affects males. A 2025 systematic review and meta-analysis of over 1.7 million individuals (PMID: 40769301) estimated the overall global prevalence of CVD at 2.59% (4.38% in males and 0.64% in females). While 6% to 8% is typical for males of certain ancestries (such as European descent at ~8% and Asian descent at 4–6.5%), the combined prevalence across both sexes in the general population is approximately 2.6% to 4.2%.
- context: Worldwide prevalence of red-green color deficiency. (Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision 2012) · cited 432x in the literature
"Large random population surveys show that the prevalence of deficiency in European Caucasians is about 8% in men and about 0.4% in women and between 4% and 6.5% in men of Chinese and Japanese ethnicity." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - contradicts: Global Prevalence of Congenital Color Vision Deficiency among Children and Adolescents, 19… (Ophthalmology 2025) · cited 8x in the literature
"The global prevalence of CVD was estimated at 2.59% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.20-3.03; I 2 = 99.37), with higher rates observed in male patients (4.38% [95% CI, 3.93%-4.88%]) compared with female patients (0.64% [95% CI, 0.46%-0.89%])." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Saffron and valerian root are clinically supported ingredients that help people fall asleep and stay asleep.
"along with lesser-known things like saffron and valerian root. These are all clinically supported ingredients that can help you fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling more refreshed." (said at 0:45:07)
While saffron and valerian root have been studied in clinical trials, the claim that both are definitively clinically supported to help people fall asleep and stay asleep is overstated. For valerian root, multiple systematic reviews and an umbrella review demonstrate that evidence for its efficacy is weak, inconsistent, and often fails to show objective improvements in sleep onset or maintenance over placebo. For saffron (Crocus sativus), small randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses suggest potential modest improvements in subjective sleep quality and duration, but the overall evidence base remains limited and rated very low to moderate quality.
- contradicts: A systematic review of valerian as a sleep aid: safe but not effective. (Sleep medicine reviews 2007) · cited 154x in the literature
"Most studies found no significant differences between valerian and placebo either in healthy individuals or in persons with general sleep disturbance or insomnia. None of the most recent studies, which were also the most methodologically rigorous, found significant effects of valerian on sleep." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - partial: Crocus Sativus for Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (International journal of environmental research and public health 2022) · cited 21x in the literature
"Crocus sativus reduced insomnia severity (SMD: 0.53; 95%CI: -0.05 to 1.11; I 2 statistic = 59%; p = 0.08) and increased sleep quality (SMD 0.89, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.68; I 2 statistic = 90%; p = 0.03; 6 studies, 308 participants, very low-quality evidence) and duration (SMD: 0.57; 95%CI: 0.21 to 0.93; I 2 statistic = 40%; p = 0.002; 5 studies; 220 participants, moderate-quality evidence) compared with the placebos. Although there is limited evidence of a very low- to moderate-quality, Crocus sativus may benefit people with insomnia." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - contradicts: Does valerian work for insomnia? An umbrella review of the evidence. (European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2024) · cited 14x in the literature
"Overall, data suggested that valerian has a good safety profile, however, the results showed no evidence of efficacy for the treatment of insomnia. Moreover, valerian appears to be effective concerning subjective improvement of sleep quality, although its effectiveness has not been demonstrated with quantitative or objective measurements. Despite its widespread use and prescription by general practitioners, psychiatrists and other professionals, valerian does not have empirical support for insomnia." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)