Block · Free radical biology & medicine 2009 · randomized controlled trial · n=396

Vitamin C treatment reduces elevated C-reactive protein.

Cited 113 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Individual randomized controlled trial

PubMed 18952164 · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.030 · record verified 2026-08-30

What was done

Healthy nonsmokers (N=396) were randomized into three groups receiving 1000 mg/day vitamin C, 800 IU/day vitamin E, or placebo for 2 months. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory biomarker predicting cardiovascular disease, was measured before and after intervention.

What was found

Median baseline CRP was 0.85 mg/L across all participants. No treatment effect was observed when all participants were analyzed together. However, a significant interaction was found based on baseline CRP concentration: among participants with baseline CRP ≥ 1.0 mg/L, vitamin C reduced median CRP by 25.3% versus placebo (p=0.02), corresponding to a median reduction of 0.25 mg/L (16.7%) in the vitamin C group. Vitamin E showed no significant effect.

Why it matters

Vitamin C supplementation lowers elevated CRP to a magnitude comparable to statins, suggesting antioxidant trials should selectively enroll populations with elevated baseline biomarkers rather than unselected healthy cohorts.

Limits

The primary overall analysis showed no significant effect, with benefits restricted to subgroup and interaction analyses. The trial was limited to 2 months in healthy nonsmokers and did not assess clinical cardiovascular endpoints.

Cited by