HoldsUp

FoundMyFitness · 2016-03-14 · Rhonda Patrick (host), Peter Attia

Peter Attia, M.D. on Macronutrient Thresholds for Longevity and Performance, Cancer and More

43 claims checked against research: 4 contradicted 3 overstated 6 needing context 29 supported 1 unverified

3

Overstated

0:09:52Peter Attiaoverstatedlow

Methionine has been shown to be the most active amino acid in driving the IGF-1 pathway.

"And it is true, methionine has probably been shown to be the most active amino acid in driving the IGF pathway." (said at 0:09:52)

Dietary methionine intake and restriction are well-established regulators of circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in animal models, where methionine restriction consistently suppresses circulating IGF-1 and extends lifespan. However, describing methionine as demonstrated to be "the most active amino acid" in driving the IGF-1 pathway overstates the comparative literature. Multiple essential amino acids (including branched-chain amino acids like leucine) stimulate IGF-1 synthesis and downstream signaling, and human observational studies show that nearly all essential amino acids correlate with circulating IGF-1 rather than methionine uniquely dominating.

0:31:57Peter Attiaoverstatedmoderate

Serum levels of APOE are more predictive of Alzheimer's disease risk than APOE genotype.

"So when they're when they measure the serum level of APOE, it turned out to be more predictive of Alzheimer's disease than the genotype." (said at 0:31:57)

Large prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies (e.g., the Copenhagen General Population Study) show that low circulating (plasma/serum) apolipoprotein E (apoE) levels are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease independent of APOE genotype. However, circulating apoE levels have not been shown to be superior to or more predictive than the APOE genotype itself, which remains the single strongest genetic predictor of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The research demonstrated additive or independent risk prediction beyond APOE genotype, not that protein levels outperform genotype.

0:53:35Rhonda Patrick (host)overstatedlow

Individuals with traumatic brain injury who carry the APOE4 allele have a 10 to 20 times increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease depending on allele count.

"People with TBI are much more likely to get Alzheimer's, especially if they have APOE4, you know, up to 10-20 times depending on how many alleles they have." (said at 0:53:35)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the APOE ε4 allele are both recognized risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias, and large cohort studies demonstrate an additive interaction where dementia prevalence in individuals with TBI increases with the number of APOE ε4 alleles. Some earlier literature described a synergistic interaction between head injury and APOE ε4, but other population-based studies found that APOE ε4 acts as an independent risk factor without modifying or exaggerating the risk conferred by head injury. Claiming that individuals with TBI have up to a 10- to 20-fold increased risk depending on allele count overstates the body of evidence, as risk estimates vary substantially across studies and high-end risk multipliers largely reflect the baseline risk of carrying two APOE ε4 alleles rather than a uniform 10- to 20-fold amplification from TBI.

Unverified means no publication matching the claim was located; it does not prove the claim false. Spotted an error? See the corrections policy - disputes from the people quoted are prioritized.