4 Needs context
President Richard Nixon passed the Controlled Substances Act, which placed all psychedelic drugs into Schedule I.
"Nixon passed the Controlled Substances Act, which is the reason why all psychedelic drugs to this day are schedule one." (said at 0:15:12)
Under the Nixon administration, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 established the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), which categorized classic serotonergic psychedelics (including LSD, psilocybin, DMT, and mescaline) into Schedule I—the most restrictive tier, defined as having a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in treatment. These classic psychedelics largely remain in Schedule I today. However, the claim that 'all psychedelic drugs' are in Schedule I requires qualification: certain non-classic psychedelic or dissociative compounds utilized in psychedelic-assisted therapy, such as ketamine, are classified under Schedule III, and other naturally occurring substances with psychedelic properties (such as Salvia divinorum) are not scheduled under federal law.
There have been periods in Earth's history when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were significantly higher than today while global temperatures were significantly colder.
"Because what most people don't realize is there's been times in history where there was way more carbon and the earth was way colder." (said at 0:38:35)
The host's statement that there were periods in Earth's history when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were significantly higher than today while global temperatures were significantly colder is partially accurate but requires important qualification to be understood correctly. Reconstructions of Earth's paleoclimate show that during certain intervals, such as the Late Ordovician (~440 million years ago), atmospheric CO2 levels were estimated to be up to 10 times higher than modern pre-industrial levels despite the presence of extensive glaciation (Crowley et al., 1991). However, paleoclimatologists emphasize that solar luminosity was about 4% to 5% lower during the Late Ordovician, requiring higher atmospheric CO2 to maintain temperatures, and that the initiation of glaciation occurred when organic carbon burial drew atmospheric CO2 down below a critical glacial inception threshold (Gibbs et al., 1997). Furthermore, high-resolution continuous reconstructions across the entire 485-million-year Phanerozoic Eon confirm a strong overall correlation between atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global mean surface temperature, establishing CO2 as the primary driver of Earth's climate over geological timescales (Judd et al., 2024).
Approximately 90% of people who stop taking GLP-1 drugs regain the weight they lost.
"because I think about 90% of people that go on GLPs and then come off them gain the weight back." (said at 1:53:18)
Clinical trials confirm that the vast majority of patients experience substantial weight regain after stopping glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, but the specific "90%" figure requires qualification. In the STEP 1 trial extension, participants regained approximately two-thirds of their lost weight within one year of discontinuing once-weekly semaglutide. Similarly, in the SURMOUNT-4 randomized withdrawal trial of tirzepatide, 83.4% of participants switched to placebo failed to maintain at least 80% of their initial weight loss, regaining an average of 14.0% of body weight over 52 weeks (having initially lost 20.9%). While the vast majority of individuals experience weight regain after cessation, patients typically regain about 60% to 70% of their lost weight over a one-year period rather than completely returning to baseline immediately.
- context: Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 tria… (Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2022) · cited 1027x in the literature
"Following treatment withdrawal, semaglutide and placebo participants regained 11.6 (SD: 7.7) and 1.9 (SD: 4.8) percentage points of lost weight, respectively, by week 120, resulting in net losses of 5.6% (SD: 8.9%) and 0.1% (SD: 5.8%), respectively, from week 0 to week 120... One year after withdrawal of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg and lifestyle intervention, participants regained two-thirds of their prior weight loss" (abstract, results and conclusions, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - context: Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Ob… (JAMA 2024) · cited 789x in the literature
"Overall, 300 participants (89.5%) receiving tirzepatide at 88 weeks maintained at least 80% of the weight loss during the lead-in period compared with 16.6% receiving placebo (P < .001). The overall mean weight reduction from week 0 to 88 was 25.3% for tirzepatide and 9.9% for placebo." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - context: Discontinuing glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and body habitus: A systematic rev… (Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity 2025) · cited 97x in the literature
"In this systematic review and meta-analysis, discontinuing GLP-1RA treatment led to a pooled overall mean weight regain of 2.20 kg in participants taking liraglutide and 9.69 kg in those patients prescribed semaglutide/tirzepatide. The proportion of weight regained was proportional to the amount originally lost." (abstract, practitioner points, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
As endurance race distances increase, the performance gap between male and female competitors narrows.
"the crazy thing about endurance is that as you get longer and longer, the difference between the sexes starts to even out." (said at 1:57:43)
The claim that the sex difference in performance narrows or evens out as endurance distance increases is partially true, but depends heavily on the specific sport and discipline.
In standard endurance events (like marathon running), the male-to-female performance gap is approximately 10–12%. In certain extreme or ultra-endurance disciplines—such as open-water ultra-swimming and longer ultra-cycling events (e.g., 400 to 500 miles)—the gap between male and female performance markedly decreases or disappears. For instance, studies show no significant sex difference in cycling performance over 400 and 500 miles, and women occasionally outperform men in ultra-distance swimming events. Physiological factors such as greater fatigue resistance, substrate utilization efficiency, and lower energetic demands in females contribute to this narrowing gap.
However, in ultra-triathlons and ultra-marathons (e.g., running distances from 50 km to 1,000 km), studies have consistently found that the sex difference in running speed does not progressively narrow as distance increases beyond a certain point, remaining stable across extreme distances. Thus, while the performance gap is often smaller in ultra-endurance compared to short-to-moderate distance sports, it does not continuously shrink across all endurance modalities.
- context: Sex differences in ultra-triathlon performance at increasing race distance. (Perceptual and motor skills 2013) · cited 11x in the literature
"Sex differences increased as endurance race distances increased and showed no changes over time. It appears that women are unlikely to close the gap in ultra-endurance performance with men in ultra-triathlons in the near future." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - context: Will women outrun men in ultra-marathon road races from 50 km to 1,000 km? (SpringerPlus 2014) · cited 27x in the literature
"the sex differences in running speeds decreased non-linearly in 50 km and 100 km but remained unchanged in 200 km and 1,000 km, and the sex differences in running speeds showed no change with increasing length of the race distance." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Can the Performance Gap between Women and Men be Reduced in Ultra-Cycling? (International journal of environmental research and public health 2020) · cited 25x in the literature
"Men were faster than women in 100 and 200 mile races, but no sex differences were identified for the 400 and 500 mile races. The performance ratio (average cycling speed men /average cycling speed women ) was smaller in the 200 mile races compared to the 100 mile races and remained stable in the 400 and 500 mile races." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Do Sex Differences in Physiology Confer a Female Advantage in Ultra-Endurance Sport? (Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2021) · cited 111x in the literature
"while the male-to-female performance gap in traditional endurance sport (e.g., marathon) remains at ~ 10%, the disparity in ultra-endurance competition has been reported as low as 4% despite the markedly lower number of female participants. Moreover, females generally outperform males in extreme-distance swimming." (abstract, background, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
15 Supported by research
The United States Census counts all residents rather than only citizens for the purposes of apportioning congressional seats.
"So the census counts human beings, it doesn't count citizens. So if you have more human beings, you get more congressional seats." (said at 0:29:30)
Under Article I, Section 2 and Section 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, congressional apportionment is calculated based on the total enumeration of persons residing in each state rather than only citizens. Empirical and demographic analyses confirm that the decennial census enumerates all residents (including noncitizens and undocumented immigrants), and these total population figures are used directly to determine each state's allocation of seats in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Gerald Ford served as a member of the Warren Commission investigating the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
"Gerald Ford, the only unelected president in American history, actually sat on the Warren Commission." (said at 0:12:27)
Gerald R. Ford was appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (commonly known as the Warren Commission) in November 1963, while serving as a U.S. Representative from Michigan. He subsequently became the 38th President of the United States without being elected to either the presidency or vice presidency following the resignations of Spiro Agnew and Richard Nixon.
Alan Turing, who invented the Turing test, was chemically castrated because he was homosexual.
"The guy who invented the Turing test wound up getting chemically castrated because he was gay." (said at 0:56:40)
Alan Turing, who introduced the imitation game (the Turing test) to evaluate machine intelligence, was convicted in 1952 of 'gross indecency' under British law criminalizing homosexual acts. To avoid imprisonment, he consented to chemical castration through synthetic estrogen therapy.
Outgoing CIA Director Richard Helms ordered the destruction of most Project MKUltra records in 1973.
"Outgoing CIA director Richard Helms ordered the destruction of most of the records related to Project MKUltra. Oh. Oh, how convenient. The agency's illegal mind control and drug testing program." (said at 1:07:12)
Historical analysis of declassified documents and CIA human experimentation programs confirms that Director of Central Intelligence Richard Helms ordered the destruction of Project MKUltra files in 1973 prior to leaving office. The program involved clandestine research into human mind control, psychological manipulation, and drug testing (including LSD) on unconsenting subjects, violating basic ethical standards.
GLP-1 receptor agonists suppress non-food cravings and compulsive behaviors, including cannabis use, video gaming, and alcohol consumption.
"They're not just suppressing appetite. They're suppressing craving in a lot of different ways... because it seems to work on weed. It seems to work on video games. It seems to work on a ton of different behavioral. People don't like wine as much." (said at 1:49:50)
Evidence supports the claim that GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as semaglutide) reduce non-food cravings and compulsive behaviors, particularly for alcohol and cannabis. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial found that semaglutide significantly reduced naturalistic alcohol craving, heavy drinking days, drinks per drinking day, and cannabis use days in adults with alcohol use disorder. Furthermore, large-scale target trial emulation and retrospective cohort studies comprising hundreds of thousands of patients have demonstrated significant reductions in the incidence and recurrence of alcohol and cannabis use disorders compared to active comparator medications. Reports of effects on behavioral addictions (such as video gaming or compulsive shopping) remain largely exploratory and observational, consistent with the speaker's qualifying phrase that it 'seems to work' across various behaviors.
- supports: Association of semaglutide with reduced incidence and relapse of cannabis use disorder in … (Molecular psychiatry 2024) · cited 81x in the literature
"In patients with obesity (mean age 51.3 years, 65.6% women), semaglutide compared with non-GLP-1RA anti-obesity medications was associated with lower risk for incident CUD in patients with no prior history CUD (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.42-0.75), and recurrent CUD diagnosis in patients with a prior history CUD (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46-0.84)." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of substance use disorders among US vet… (BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2026) · cited 23x in the literature
"Compared with initiation of SGLT-2 inhibitors, initiation of GLP-1 receptor agonists was associated with reduced risk of disorders related to alcohol use (hazard ratio 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78 to 0.85); NRD per 1000 people -5.57 (-6.61 to -4.53)), cannabis use (0.86 (0.81 to 0.90), NRD -2.25 (-3.00 to -1.50))" (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Oral Semaglutide for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (The American journal of psychiatry 2026)
"Semaglutide also significantly reduced drinks per drinking day (b=-1.177, 95% CI=-2.307, -0.047), naturalistic alcohol craving (b=-2.195, 95% CI=-4.174, -0.216), and cannabis use days (b=-1.434, 95% CI=-2.568, -0.301)." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Weight loss on GLP-1s followed by regain results in a worse body composition because lean mass is lost during weight loss while mostly fat is gained back.
"you lose muscle on the way down and gain fat on the way back up, right? So if you end up back at the same weight that you were previously, your composition is worse." (said at 1:53:34)
During weight loss induced by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) or caloric restriction, individuals lose both fat mass and lean body mass (lean mass typically accounts for 20% to 40% of total weight lost). Following discontinuation of GLP-1RA therapy, substantial weight regain occurs. In the absence of resistance exercise and targeted nutritional support, weight regain is predominantly composed of fat mass, leading to a net deficit in lean mass and a higher body fat percentage (worse body composition) if baseline weight is regained.
- supports: Weight cycling and its effects on muscle mass, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. (Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders 2025) · cited 22x in the literature
"Studies using the most precise methods to assess body composition changes, as well those with higher number of WC and/or including old subjects, show that with WC, lower fat free mass (FFM) is regained with a mismatch between muscle and fat." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on body composition. (Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity 2025) · cited 12x in the literature
"Withdrawal, however, predictably results in weight regain, primarily as fat mass, highlighting the importance of continued therapy or supportive lifestyle strategies." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: New drugs for weight loss: Why change in body composition matters and why nutrition and ex… (Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien 2025)
"There is observational evidence that weight cycling may be harmful in that weight regain can be composed primarily of fat, multiple cycles of which may actually increase obesity in individuals. This is of particular concern because of the cost and limited availability of new weight loss drugs leading to large rates of discontinuation." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Breaking a hip drastically reduces an older adult's probability of surviving more than 10 years.
"When you break a hip, man, the odds of you living more than 10 years reduces drastically." (said at 1:54:31)
Published population-based cohort studies demonstrate that suffering a hip fracture significantly compromises long-term survival in older adults. In a large population-based cohort study of nearly 20,000 older adults (aged ≥60 years) undergoing arthroplasty for hip fracture, only 18% (approximately 1 in 6 patients) survived to 10 years postoperatively. Another nationwide cohort study of over 214,000 hip fracture patients found an average estimated remaining life expectancy of just 7.9 years following fracture.
- supports: Patient Factors Associated with 10-Year Survival After Arthroplasty for Hip Fracture: A Po… (The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume 2024) · cited 2x in the literature
"There were 19,659 patients in the final cohort. Eighteen percent (3,564) of the patients were alive at 10 years postoperatively." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Comparison of life expectancy and loss of life expectancy in fall-risk populations with hi… (Injury 2026)
"The study included 214,077 hip fracture patients and 101,731 vertebral fracture patients. The average age was 77.1 for hip fractures and 73.4 for vertebral fractures, with women comprising the majority. For hip fractures, the estimated life expectancy (LE) was 7.9 years" (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
In swimming over long distances, the performance difference between sexes evens out more quickly because women are naturally more buoyant.
"And I think in water, it evens out even quicker because women are more buoyant over distances." (said at 1:57:56)
Observational and review data from ultra-distance and open-water swimming show that sex differences in performance narrow substantially as distance increases, and in certain long-distance open-water events (such as the Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming, including the Catalina Channel Swim and Manhattan Island Marathon Swim), women have achieved comparable or slightly faster average speeds than men. Biomechanical and physiological reviews attribute this narrowing in part to female anthropometry, including higher percentage body fat providing greater buoyancy, lower hydrodynamic drag, and better thermoregulation in cold water.
- supports: Women cross the 'Catalina Channel' faster than men. (SpringerPlus 2015) · cited 28x in the literature
"However, when the swimming times of the annual fastest women (n = 39) and the annual fastest men (n = 50) competing between 1927 and 2014 were compared, women (651 ± 173 min) were 52.9 min (16 ± 12%) faster than men (704 ± 279 min) (p < 0.0001)." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Sex Differences in Swimming Disciplines-Can Women Outperform Men in Swimming? (International journal of environmental research and public health 2020) · cited 55x in the literature
"In open-water long-distance swimming events of the 'Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming' with the 'Catalina Channel Swim', the 'English Channel Swim' and the 'Manhattan Island Marathon Swim', women were about 0.06 km/h faster than men... Therefore, women tended to decrease the existing sex differences in specific age groups (i.e., younger than 10 years and older than 75-80 years) and swimming strokes in pool-swimming or even to overperform men in long-distance open-water swimming (distance of ~30 km), especially under extreme weather conditions (water colder than ~20 °C)." (abstract, results and conclusions, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Studies demonstrate that prolonged sleep deprivation lasting a couple of days triggers psychosis.
"I was looking at the uh the studies of how long people have stayed awake for like that. That gets really fucking gnarly because people go into psychosis... If you're awake for a couple of days I think all fucking hell breaks loose" (said at 1:56:41)
Published experimental and observational studies demonstrate that prolonged continuous sleep deprivation leads to progressive psychotic symptoms in healthy individuals. A systematic review of 21 studies (760 healthy participants) found that staying awake for 24 to 48 hours produces perceptual distortions, depersonalization, and disorientation, progressing after 48 to 90 hours to complex hallucinations, thought disorder, and delusions, culminating in a clinical state resembling acute psychosis or toxic delirium.
Fading affect bias is a psychological phenomenon where negative emotional memories fade faster over time than positive memories.
"So, there's this sort of fading affect bias, which is this idea from psychology that says bad memories fade with time, but good memories don't quite the same way." (said at 2:09:00)
The speaker's definition of the fading affect bias (FAB) is accurate. In cognitive and affective psychology, the fading affect bias refers to the well-documented phenomenon where the emotional intensity (affect) associated with negative autobiographical memories fades faster and more substantially over time compared to the affect associated with positive memories.
- supports: Age is positively associated with fading affect bias: A cross-sectional comparison. (Psychology and aging 2024) · cited 4x in the literature
"Emotions elicited by personal event memories change over time such that negative affect fades more quickly than positive affect. This asymmetric fade is called the fading affect bias (FAB) and has been posited as a mechanism that helps promote a positive outlook on life." (abstract, background, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Cross-sectional age differences in fading affect bias: A latent change score model approac… (Psychology and aging 2025) · cited 2x in the literature
"The fading affect bias (FAB) names the phenomenon that the affect intensity of negative autobiographical memories (AMs) fades more rapidly and to a greater extent from event occurrence to recall than the affect intensity of positive AMs." (abstract, background, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Evidence for a fading affect bias in subjectively assessed affect changes in autobiographi… (Frontiers in psychology 2025) · cited 2x in the literature
"In this regard, the fading affect bias (FAB) names the phenomenon that, on average, negative AMs' affect intensity fades more strongly and more rapidly over time than positive AMs' affect intensity, which sometimes even increases on average." (abstract, background, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
A study by Khandis Blake found that living in an area with higher wealth/income inequality is correlated with increased self-objectification in photos posted online by women.
"There's also some really interesting data around if you're in a high income inequality area, uh, self-objectification by selfies from women on Instagram goes up. And this is a huge study by Khandis Blake over in Australia. And they did a correlation. It might have been on Twitter rather than on Instagram. And they looked at geolocating images, ranked them based on self-objectification, and then looked at the wealth inequality in that local area. Higher wealth inequality, more self-objectification." (said at 2:06:40)
A 2018 study led by Khandis Blake analyzed 68,562 sexualized self-portraits ("sexy selfies") posted publicly to Twitter and Instagram across 5,567 US cities, 1,622 US counties, and 113 nations. The researchers found that areas with higher income inequality had significantly higher rates of sexualized selfie posting, whereas gender inequality indicators were not positively associated with the behavior.
Research indicates that perfectionistic concerns (fear of failure, indecisiveness, fear of negative evaluation) have increased at a faster rate over time than perfectionistic strivings.
"Perfectionistic concerns, fear of failure, indecisiveness, and fear of being negatively judged by others increase much faster than perfectionistic strivings, the motivation to set extremely high standards and work hard to achieve them." (said at 2:09:50)
A large cross-temporal meta-analysis of college student cohorts (encompassing 307 samples and 82,939 American, Canadian, and British college students) found that higher-order perfectionistic concerns (which capture fears of failure, doubts about actions/indecisiveness, and fears of negative social evaluation) have accelerated and increased at a faster rate (quadratic trajectory) than perfectionistic strivings (which showed a linear increase). Earlier meta-analytic work across birth cohorts similarly demonstrated that socially prescribed perfectionism exhibited the largest rate of increase over time compared to self-oriented dimensions.
- supports: Perfectionism is increasing over time: A meta-analysis of birth cohort differences from 19… (Psychological bulletin 2019) · cited 762x in the literature
"Overall, in order of magnitude of the observed increase, the findings indicate that recent generations of young people perceive that others are more demanding of them, are more demanding of others, and are more demanding of themselves." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: Perfectionism is accelerating over time: A cross-temporal meta-analytic review of 35 years… (Psychological bulletin 2026) · cited 1x in the literature
"At the higher order level, perfectionistic strivings increased linearly, whereas perfectionistic concerns followed a quadratic trajectory. Declining gross domestic product per capita was associated with higher perfectionistic strivings, while rising inequality was associated with steeper increases in perfectionistic concerns." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
Across his entire professional career, Roger Federer won roughly 80 to 85 percent of his matches but only about 56 percent of the individual points played.
"Federer, really interesting stat that I found out about him. He won maybe about 80 85% of the matches that he played across his entire career... But he only won about 56% of the points." (said at 2:04:28)
Statistical analysis of professional tennis performance confirms that Roger Federer won approximately 82% of the matches played across his ATP singles career (1,251 wins out of 1,526 matches, or 81.98%), while winning only approximately 54% of individual points played (often cited between 54% and 55% in historical match data). The speaker's stated estimates of roughly 80% to 85% of matches and about 56% of points accurately capture the hierarchical scoring structure of tennis, where small margins in point win percentage translate to dominant overall match winning percentages.
Rates of perfectionism have been rising since 1989, and perfectionism is associated with increased depression and anxiety.
"There's a says it's been growing since 1989. This is hilarious. 'Perfectionism is a public health risk. It's associated with increased depression and anxiety.'" (said at 2:19:40)
The statement accurately reflects findings from large-scale meta-analyses. A seminal cross-temporal meta-analysis by Curran and Hill (2019), analyzing 164 samples comprising 41,641 American, Canadian, and British college students between 1989 and 2016, found linear increases in all three dimensions of perfectionism (self-oriented, socially prescribed, and other-oriented). Furthermore, subsequent large meta-analyses (e.g., Shannon et al., 2024, examining 416 studies and over 113,000 individuals) confirm that perfectionism dimensions—especially perfectionistic concerns—are consistently associated with elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety.
- supports: Perfectionism is increasing over time: A meta-analysis of birth cohort differences from 19… (Psychological bulletin 2019) · cited 762x in the literature
"Cross-temporal meta-analysis revealed that levels of self-oriented perfectionism, socially prescribed perfectionism, and other-oriented perfectionism have linearly increased. These trends remained when controlling for gender and between-country differences in perfectionism scores." (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi) - supports: The relationships between perfectionism and symptoms of depression, anxiety and obsessive-… (Cognitive behaviour therapy 2024) · cited 53x in the literature
"A total of 416 studies were included, with 113,118 participants aged 17 to 90 years ( M = 23.83). Perfectionistic concerns had significant medium correlations with anxiety, OCD and depressive symptoms (pooled r = .38 to .43). Perfectionistic strivings had significant, small correlations with OCD, depression and all anxiety outcomes (pooled r = .10 to .21)" (abstract, results, passage verified)
pubmedfull study (doi)
In South Korea, women attain higher education degrees at the same rate as men, but a large gender wage gap persists in employment.
"They're getting degrees and higher education at the same rate as the men. And then they get into the real world and all of the employment opportunities haven't caught up. And it's still very sexist when it comes to the way that employment and promotions and wages, there's still a big wage gap there." (said at 2:34:11)
Empirical labor market data confirm that despite women in South Korea achieving high educational attainment on par with men, South Korea consistently exhibits the largest gender wage gap among OECD countries. Studies utilizing nationwide labor force and wage microdata show that educational attainment differences do not explain the wage and employment disparities, and a substantial portion of the gender pay gap remains unexplained, reflecting significant glass-ceiling and career-advancement barriers.
- supports: The gender wage gap: evidence from South Korea (IZA Journal of Labor Economics 2022) · cited 10x in the literature
"Using microdata between 1998 and 2020, this study provides potential explanations for the gender wage gap in South Korea, which continues to be the largest among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Although improvement in females’ relative measured labor market characteristics plays an important role in the reduction of the gender wage gap, these characteristics cannot explain a large part of the gap, and wage convergence between full-time male and female workers has slowed over the period. Indeed, the unexplained gender wage gap has become larger than the explained gender wage gap. This is confirmed when a decomposition of the gender wage gap is performed across the wage distribution. This study provides evidence of the existence of a glass ceiling." (abstract, passage verified)
openalexfull study (doi) - supports: Gender gaps in South Korea’s labour market: children explain most of the gender employment… (Applied Economics Letters 2023) · cited 19x in the literature
"South Korea’s gender wage and employment gaps are among the largest in the OECD. Using labour force survey data over 2010–19, we estimate gender wage and employment gaps, and child earnings penalties, for women aged 25–54. We show (i) that the large gender gaps in South Korea’s labour market are mostly not a function of differential sorting by gender along education, occupation, or industry lines" (abstract, passage verified)
openalexfull study (doi)
7 Corroborated by web sources
The UK Home Office released a nine-page guidance booklet for asylum seekers outlining acceptable behavior, including rules on sexual consent, women's equality, and the illegality of female genital mutilation.
"yesterday, I don't know whether you saw this, the UK Home Office decided it was going to release a booklet giving guidance to asylum seekers on acceptable and unacceptable behavior in the UK. It explains that consent's required for sex, that women have equal rights, that sexual harassment is unacceptable, including for partners and children, and that female genital mutilation is not allowed. This was a nine-page booklet that got released by the UK Home Office yesterday." (said at 0:27:50)
No published record matching the claim that the UK Home Office released a nine-page guidance booklet for asylum seekers outlining acceptable behaviour (including sexual consent, women's equality, and female genital mutilation rules) was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesIn August 2026, the UK Home Office published a nine-page guidance booklet titled "Understanding behaviours and expectations in the UK: a guide for asylum seekers". Along with accompanying leaflets, the publication details UK laws and social expectations regarding gender equality, sexual consent, domestic abuse, harassment, and the illegality of female genital mutilation.
independent.co.ukwww.gov.ukukfactcheck.com
The state of California prohibits requiring identification in order to vote.
"Then you have places that don't allow—not don't require, don't allow ID to vote. That's California. California doesn't allow ID to vote." (said at 0:29:47)
No published record matching the claim that California does not allow identification to vote was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesCalifornia state law does not require identification to vote in most circumstances and, through Senate Bill 1174 enacted in 2024, explicitly prohibits local jurisdictions from imposing their own voter ID requirements. State and federal exceptions apply only in narrow circumstances, such as for certain first-time voters who registered by mail without identity verification.
ballotpedia.orglegiscan.comfacebook.com
Historical records show no evidence that Charles Manson was a subject or participant in Project MKUltra.
"There's no evidence, according to John. There's no evidence that Charles Manson was a part of MKUltra. I'm sure that he told you that story on the show. Doesn't seem to be him going and doing his original research. It doesn't seem to be the case." (said at 1:02:53)
No published record matching the claim that historical records show no evidence of Charles Manson participating in Project MKUltra was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesWhile investigative writers and alternative theories have highlighted circumstantial overlaps between Manson and researchers connected to CIA programs, declassified government records and official histories provide no evidence that Charles Manson was a subject or participant in Project MKUltra.
psychologytoday.comcorrections1.com
Jon Jones became the youngest UFC champion in history at 23 years old.
"after being the youngest UFC champion ever at 23 years old to still be considered the greatest heavyweight alive." (said at 1:13:05)
No published record matching the claim that Jon Jones became the youngest UFC champion in history at 23 years old was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesJon Jones won the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship by defeating Maurício "Shogun" Rua at UFC 128 on March 19, 2011, when he was 23 years old. This made him the youngest champion in UFC history, a record that remains intact.
wikipedia.orgfacebook.com
Phil Gore set the Backyard Ultra world record with 119 laps (119 hours).
"And the guy that currently holds the record, this dude called Phil Gore, he owns the he's got the record at 119 laps. So for every lap, it's one hour." (said at 1:20:43)
No published record matching the claim that Phil Gore set a Backyard Ultra world record with 119 laps (119 hours) was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesAustralian ultramarathon runner Phil Gore set the Backyard Ultra world record by completing 119 laps (yards), equivalent to 119 consecutive hours, at the Dead Cow Gully event in June 2025.
guinnessworldrecords.com
Victoria's Secret share price increased 300% year-over-year.
"Meanwhile, uh Victoria's Secret is up 300% year-on-year, the share price, because of Ozempic." (said at 1:48:20)
No published record matching the claim that Victoria's Secret's share price increased 300% year-over-year due to Ozempic was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesMarket and financial reports confirm that Victoria's Secret & Co. shares surged roughly 300% year-over-year, reaching record highs amid the company's turnaround.
pluang.cominvesting.com
The state of Oregon suspended or lowered its graduation standards for reading and math because students were performing poorly.
"What is a state that just because students were doing so bad, they completely dropped their standards? Was it Oregon? I forget what governor, but like ridiculously dropped their standards for reading and math." (said at 2:51:15)
No published record matching the claim that Oregon dropped its high school graduation standards in reading and math because students were performing poorly was located; this does not prove the claim false.
corroborated by web sourcesIn 2021, Oregon Governor Kate Brown signed Senate Bill 744, which suspended the requirement for high school students to prove proficiency in reading, writing, and math via standardized testing to graduate. The Oregon Board of Education later extended the pause through the 2027–2028 school year, arguing the testing requirements disproportionately burdened historically underserved students.
apnews.comsnopes.comopb.orgyoutube.comreddit.com
8 No source found (not proven false)
Hypnotism can cause former heroin users to experience the physical effects of being high on heroin, including vomiting, by reactivating drug-related memories.
"Charles Manson was able to hypnotize people into getting loaded. So, he was able to get them high on heroin through hypnotism... Danny and the other guy that had done heroin before threw up. Apparently when you take heroin sometimes you can vomit. The third guy who'd never done it before didn't because he didn't know to do that. So, they weren't able to reactivate his memories." (said at 1:01:55)
No published record matching the claim that hypnosis can re-create the physical effects of a heroin high, including vomiting, by reactivating memories was located; this does not prove the claim false.
Dennis Alexio suffered a fractured tibia caused by a leg kick during his match against Stan Longinidis.
"So it wasn't his femur. I'm sorry. It was his tibia. Um let's see it again. It's crazy. [laughter] So he throws the kick and Linas was a [ __ ] powerhouse, dude. Look at the power in that. Boom." (said at 1:15:27)
No published record matching the claim that Dennis Alexio suffered a fractured tibia caused by a leg kick during his match against Stan Longinidis was located in the biomedical literature; this does not prove the claim false.
UFC fighter Austin Hubbard developed compartment syndrome in his leg requiring surgical fasciotomy.
"So he's one of the only guys that I know of that fought in the UFC that because of compartment syndrome he had to have an operation where they opened up the side of his leg like all the way. And you you see the tissue inside of it how badly destroyed it was." (said at 1:16:07)
No published medical case report or academic record documenting UFC fighter Austin Hubbard's diagnosis of leg compartment syndrome or subsequent surgical fasciotomy was located; this does not prove the claim false.
Research indicates that 60% to 80% of older adults with Alzheimer's disease experience a fall, which is more than twice the rate observed in cognitively normal peers.
"Research indicated that 60 to 80% of older adults with Alzheimer's experience a fall, more than twice the rate in cognitively normal peers." (said at 1:55:12)
No published record matching the claim that 60% to 80% of older adults with Alzheimer's disease experience a fall, representing more than twice the rate observed in cognitively normal peers, was located; this does not prove the claim false.
IGF-1 is used alongside GLP-1 receptor agonists to mitigate bone density and muscle mass loss.
"I know that they were using different things like they were using IGF-1 along with GLP-1s to mitigate the bone density and muscle tissue loss." (said at 1:53:48)
No published clinical trials or established medical guidelines evaluating the co-administration of exogenous IGF-1 alongside GLP-1 receptor agonists to mitigate bone density or muscle tissue loss were located; this does not prove the claim false. While published research investigates how GLP-1 receptor agonists interact with the endogenous growth hormone/IGF-1 signaling axis in bone and muscle metabolism, therapeutic use of IGF-1 alongside GLP-1 receptor agonists for body composition preservation remains clinically unverified in the published literature.
Courtney Dauwalter won the Bigfoot race outright, finishing roughly 10 hours ahead of the second-place male competitor.
"Like Courtney Dauwalter, she won the uh What'd she win? The Bigfoot. Is that what she won? I think when she when she came on. Yeah. But uh she beat the second place dude by 10 hours or something crazy." (said at 1:57:20)
No published record matching the claim that Courtney Dauwalter won the Bigfoot 200 race outright by approximately 10 hours over the second-place male finisher was located; this does not prove the claim false.
The United Kingdom has the same number of universities in the global top 10 as the United States, but produces only 20% of the entrepreneurs compared to America.
"we have the same number of universities in the top 10 globally, but we produce 20% of the entrepreneurs compared with America." (said at 2:32:11)
No published record matching the claim that the United Kingdom has the same number of universities in the global top 10 as the United States while producing only 20% of the entrepreneurs compared to America was located; this does not prove the claim false.
no web source foundWhile certain rankings such as the QS World University Rankings feature an equal number of UK and US institutions in their global top 10, no reliable public sources or official statistics verify the claim that the United Kingdom produces only 20% of the entrepreneurs compared to the United States.
hepi.ac.uktopuniversities.com
Ben Askren had a double lung transplant and returned to wrestling one year later while taking immunosuppressant medications.
"With two lung replacements. He's got artif— I mean, he's got lung donations. Like somebody gave him lungs. Someone died and yeah he's he has to be on immunosuppressants in order so his body doesn't reject the lungs, but having lung transplants is crazy. Having two is really crazy, and then wrestling a year later is just beyond insane." (said at 2:53:08)
No published record matching the claim that Ben Askren underwent a double lung transplant and returned to wrestling on immunosuppressant medications was located; this does not prove the claim false.
Unverified means no publication matching the claim was located; it does not prove the claim false. Spotted an error? See the corrections policy - disputes from the people quoted are prioritized.