HoldsUp

Jeffrey Bland

Jeffrey Bland is a researcher and practitioner working in the fields of functional, integrative, and personalized lifestyle medicine. His published research focuses on functional nutrition, metabolic health, and the effects of dietary supplements and polyphenols on immune function and biological markers. He also writes on the evolution of healthcare paradigms, including nutrition education in medical schools and personalized wellness interventions.

21 claims checked on air: 5 context 3 contradicted 2 overstated 3 supported 8 unverified

What they said on air - contradicted

3 citing their own research

0:05:49contradictedhighA Closer Look At Immune Health & Himalayan Tartary Buckwheat

The cells that make up the human immune system turn over and are replaced with new cells every 90 to 120 days.

"So, when we start thinking about the immune system, it has this dynamic personality because it turns over about every 90 to 120 days. Every 3 to 4 months the cells that make up our immune system get replaced with new cells." (said at 0:05:49)

The claim that the human immune system turns over completely every 90 to 120 days confuses the lifespan of red blood cells (erythrocytes, which are non-immune oxygen-transporting cells that famously survive about 120 days) with immune cells (leukocytes). In reality, different immune cells have vastly different lifespans and turnover rates rather than a single uniform 90-to-120-day replacement cycle: - Neutrophils (the most abundant type of white blood cell) turn over very rapidly, living for only hours to a few days. - Naive T and B lymphocytes are long-lived interphase cells, with naive B cells proliferating at very low rates (about 0.46% per day) and naive/memory T cell populations maintained across decades. - Memory immune cells, including memory T cells and stem cell-like memory T (TSCM) cells, undergo ongoing proliferation and dynamic flux over years or decades to maintain long-term immunological memory. Because different immune cell lineages range from a lifespan of hours (neutrophils) to decades (memory T cells), there is no 90-to-120-day turnover cycle for the human immune system.

0:51:45contradictedmoderateA Closer Look At Immune Health & Himalayan Tartary Buckwheat

Bruce McEwen was the first researcher to investigate the relationship between the immune system and insulin resistance.

"If you look at his body of work, he was the first person to start looking at the relationship between the immune system and insulin resistance." (said at 0:51:45)

Bruce McEwen was a prominent neuroendocrinologist renowned for discovering glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampus and developing the concepts of allostasis and allostatic load, which integrate stress, the neuroendocrine system, and systemic physiology. However, he was not the first researcher to investigate the relationship between the immune system and insulin resistance. The seminal experimental work linking immune mediators to insulin resistance was pioneered in the early 1990s by Gökhan Hotamisligil, Bruce Spiegelman, and colleagues (e.g., demonstrating that tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α] directly induces insulin resistance in obesity, published in Science in 1993), which founded the field of immunometabolism. Earlier clinical and physiological investigations into infection- and endotoxin-induced insulin resistance also predated McEwen's later conceptual syntheses.

0:52:36contradictedhighA Closer Look At Immune Health & Himalayan Tartary Buckwheat

Jeffrey Friedman discovered the hormone leptin in Bruce McEwen's laboratory.

"in his lab, Jeff Friedman discovered leptin." (said at 0:52:36)

Jeffrey Friedman discovered leptin in 1994 as the head of his own laboratory at The Rockefeller University / Howard Hughes Medical Institute, not in Bruce McEwen's laboratory. While both were faculty members at Rockefeller University, the positional cloning and identification of the obese (ob) gene and its hormone product, leptin, was achieved by Friedman's own research group (Zhang et al., 1994).

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